State and Explain Second law of Thermodynamics.
The second law of thermodynamics
states that :
whenever a spontaneous process takes place, it is accompanied by an increase in the total energy of the universe. More specifically, we take the term ‘universe’ to mean the system and the surroundings.
Thus,
ΔSuniv = ΔSsyst + ΔSsurr
The second law, as stated above, tells us that when an irreversible the spontaneous process occurs, the entropy of the system and the surroundings increases.
In other words ΔSuniv > 0. When a reversible process occurs, the entropy of the system remains constant.
ΔSuniv = 0. Since the entire universe is undergoing spontaneous change, the second law can be most generally and concisely stated as: the entropy of the system is constantly increasing.
whenever a spontaneous process takes place, it is accompanied by an increase in the total energy of the universe. More specifically, we take the term ‘universe’ to mean the system and the surroundings.
Thus,
ΔSuniv = ΔSsyst + ΔSsurr
The second law, as stated above, tells us that when an irreversible the spontaneous process occurs, the entropy of the system and the surroundings increases.
In other words ΔSuniv > 0. When a reversible process occurs, the entropy of the system remains constant.
ΔSuniv = 0. Since the entire universe is undergoing spontaneous change, the second law can be most generally and concisely stated as: the entropy of the system is constantly increasing.
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